software handshaking - ορισμός. Τι είναι το software handshaking
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Τι (ποιος) είναι software handshaking - ορισμός

LEMMA THAT EVERY NODE-LINK GRAPH HAS AN EVEN NUMBER OF ODD-DEGREE VERTICES
Handshaking Lemma; Degree sum formula; Handshake lemma; Odd vertex; Odd node; Handshaking theorem
  • 2 + 3 + 2 + 3 + 3 + 1 {{=}} 14}}, twice the number of edges.
  • An infinite graph with only one odd vertex
  • The [[mountain climbing problem]]
  • A Sperner coloring of a triangulated triangle, shaded to highlight the three small triangles that have all three vertex colors

software handshaking      
<communications> The transmission of extra data on a channel in order to control the device sending data in the other direction on that channel. For an EIA-232 connection, this means sending Control-S and Control-Q characters to stop and start transmission. Since software handshaking requires the transmission and processing of extra data it can be less efficient than hardware handshaking. (1996-10-16)
software         
NON-TANGIBLE EXECUTABLE COMPONENT OF A COMPUTER
ComputerSoftware; Software & Programming; Software and Programming; Softography; The software; SOFTWARE; Softwares; Editing software; Scientific Software; Computer Software; Networked software; Software.; Software technology; Outdated software; Out of date software; Old software; Problems with old software; Problems of unmaintained software; Scientific software; Scientific software (non free); Scientific software (free); Software Technology; Software & programming; Software product; Computer software; Soft ware; Soft-ware; Downloadable software
n. computer; proprietary; public-domain software
software         
NON-TANGIBLE EXECUTABLE COMPONENT OF A COMPUTER
ComputerSoftware; Software & Programming; Software and Programming; Softography; The software; SOFTWARE; Softwares; Editing software; Scientific Software; Computer Software; Networked software; Software.; Software technology; Outdated software; Out of date software; Old software; Problems with old software; Problems of unmaintained software; Scientific software; Scientific software (non free); Scientific software (free); Software Technology; Software & programming; Software product; Computer software; Soft ware; Soft-ware; Downloadable software
<programming> (Or "computer program", "program", "code") The instructions executed by a computer, as opposed to the physical device on which they run (the "hardware"). The term was coined by the eminent statistician, John Tukey. Programs stored on non-volatile storage built from integrated circuits (e.g. ROM or PROM) are usually called firmware. Software can be split into two main types - system software and application software or application programs. System software is any software required to support the production or execution of application programs but which is not specific to any particular application. Examples of system software would include the operating system, compilers, editors and sorting programs. Examples of application programs would include an accounts package or a CAD program. Other broad classes of application software include real-time software, {business software}, scientific and engineering software, {embedded software}, personal computer software and {artificial intelligence} software. Software includes both source code written by humans and executable machine code produced by assemblers or compilers. It does not usually include the data processed by programs unless this is in a format such as multimedia which depends on the use of computers for its presentation. This distinction becomes unclear in cases such as {spread sheets} which can contain both instructions (formulae and macros) and data. There are also various intermediate compiled or semi-compiled, forms of software such as library files and byte-code. Some claim that documentation (both paper and electronic) is also software. Others go further and define software to be programs plus documentation though this does not correspond with common usage. The noun "program" describes a single, complete and more-or-less self-contained list of instructions, often stored in a single file, whereas "code" and "software" are uncountable nouns describing some number of instructions which may constitute one or more programs or part thereof. Most programs, however, rely heavily on various kinds of {operating system} software for their execution. The nounds "code" and "software" both refer to the same thing but "code" tends to suggest an interest in the implementation details whereas "software" is more of a user's term. (2002-07-21)

Βικιπαίδεια

Handshaking lemma

In graph theory, a branch of mathematics, the handshaking lemma is the statement that, in every finite undirected graph, the number of vertices that touch an odd number of edges is even. For example, if there is a party of people who shake hands, the number of people who shake an odd number of other people's hands is even. The handshaking lemma is a consequence of the degree sum formula, also sometimes called the handshaking lemma, according to which the sum of the degrees (the numbers of times each vertex is touched) equals twice the number of edges in the graph. Both results were proven by Leonhard Euler (1736) in his famous paper on the Seven Bridges of Königsberg that began the study of graph theory.

Beyond the Seven Bridges of Königsberg Problem, which subsequently formalized Eulerian Tours, other applications of the degree sum formula include proofs of certain combinatorial structures. For example, in the proofs of Sperner's lemma and the mountain climbing problem the geometric properties of the formula commonly arise. The complexity class PPA encapsulates the difficulty of finding a second odd vertex, given one such vertex in a large implicitly-defined graph.